Submissions

Author Guidelines

PSM Biological Research welcomes the submission of original manuscripts that meet the general criteria of significance and scientific excellence.Click Here to submit your article to PSM Biological Research.The authors can also use One Step SubmissionSubmission enquiries: editor@psmpublishers.orgGeneral enquiries: info@psmpublishers.org

Manuscript Style

Text formatting

Font: ArialFont Size: 12Line spacing: 1.5

Journal language

The journal‘s language is English:British English or American English spelling and terminology may be used in article. Contributors who are not native English speakers are strongly encouraged to ensure that a colleague fluent in the English language, if none of the authors is so, has reviewed their manuscript.Manuscript should be written in clear, concise and grammatically correct English. Indent new paragraphs.

Manuscript parts

The manuscript should be presented in the following order;

Title page

This should contain:Title for the article along with the running title Name(s) of author(s), their academic qualifications and current affiliations Number of table(s) and figure(s) in the manuscript Name, mailing and e-mail addresses of the corresponding author Acknowledgment of financial support, if any The title represents the subject matter of the manuscript. The title should be brief and comprehensive.

Abstract

Original research articles must include a structured abstract that contains no more than 250 words, is written in complete sentences, and should detail the problems, experimental approach, major findings and conclusion in one paragraph and should appear on the second page. Avoid abbreviation, diagram and references in the abstract.

Keywords

Author(s) must give key words (5 to 8) which can identify the most important subjects covered by the paper. They must be placed at the end of the abstract.

Introduction

Clearly state the purpose of the article. Summarize the rationale and background for the study or observation, giving only strictly pertinent references. Do not include methods, data, results, or conclusions from the work being reported. The Introduction should be limited to 1.5 manuscript pages.

Materials and methods

Provide sufficient details of the techniques employed to enable the work to be repeated. Do not describe or refer to commonplace statistical tests in this section but allude to them briefly in Results.

Results

Present your results in a logical sequence in the text, tables, and figures. Do not present specifics of data more than once and do not duplicate data from tables or figures in the text; emphasize or summarize only important observations. Do not present data from individual subjects except for very compelling reasons. Report losses to observation (such as dropouts from a clinical trial). Use boldface for the first mention of each table or figure.

Discussion

The purpose of the discussion is to present a brief and pertinent interpretation of the results against the background of existing knowledge. Normally a comparison between your results and results from previous works should be given in the Discussion.

Conclusion

Any assumptions on which conclusions are based must be stated clearly. The main conclusions should be conveyed in a final paragraph with a clear statement of how the study advances knowledge and understanding in the field.

Acknowledgments

Acknowledge only persons who have made substantive contributions to the study. Authors are responsible for obtaining written permission from everyone acknowledged by name and for providing to the Editor a copy of the permission, if requested. Authors must disclose any financial or personal relationships with the company or organization sponsoring the research at the time the research was done.

Declarations

This information must also be inserted into your manuscript under the acknowledgements section with the headings below. If you have no declaration to make please insert the following statements into your manuscript:Funding: NoneConflict of interest: None declared

Format Style of References

EndNote Library Style for bibliography can be downloaded here.

Guidelines for setting up abbreviated journal titles in EndNote can be found here.

References

At the end of the article, a list of references should be included. In general, the number of references should not exceed 40 for original articles, 50 for review articles, and 20 for case reports. The authors are responsible for the accuracy and completeness of the references and their citations in the text.All citations in the text should refer to:Single author: the author’s name (without initials, unless there is ambiguity) and the year of publication; Two authors: both authors’ names and the year of publication; Three or more authors: first author’s name followed by ‘et al.’ and the year of publication. If an author cited has had two or more works published during the same year, the reference, both in the text and in the reference list, should be identified by a lower case letter like ’a‘ and ’b‘ after the date to distinguish the works, “as demonstrated (Allan, 1996a, 1996b, 1999; Allan and Jones, 1995)”.List: References should be arranged alphabetically by authors’ names and should be as full as possible, listing all authors, the full title of articles and journals, publisher, and year. Use journal names as abbreviated.

Reference to a journal publication

Journal article with DOI: Hamer, M., Steptoe, A., 2009. A prospective study of physical fitness, adiposity, and inflammatory markers in healthy middle-aged men and women. Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 89: 85-89. doi:10.3945/ajcn.2008.26779Standard journal article: Jeffery, R.W., Wing, R.R., Sherwood, N.E., Tate, D.F., 2003. Physical activity and weight loss: does prescribing higher physical activity goals improve outcomes? Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 78: 684-9.Corporate author: Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, 2004. Care for your kitten. 3rd ed. Harper Collins, London.

Reference to a book and monographs

Personal authors: Shils, M., Shike, M., Olson, J., Ross, A.C., 1998. Modern nutrition in health and disease. 9th ed. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore.Committee report or corporate author: Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine, 2000. Dietary reference intakes for vitamin C, vitamin E, selenium and carotenoids. National Academy Press, Washington, DC.Chapter in book: Young, V.R., Tharakan, J.F., 2004. Nutritional essentiality of amino acids and amino acid requirements in healthy adults. 2nd. ed. In: Cynober LA, ed. Metabolic and therapeutic aspects of amino acids in clinical nutrition. FL: CRC Press, Boca Raton, 439-70.

Internet references

Website: National Center for Health Statistics. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Version current 1 October 2003. Internet: http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nhanes.htm (accessed 13 October 2003).Online journal article: Sinha, A., Madden, J., Ross-Degnan, D., Soumerai, S., Platt, R., 2003. Reduced risk of neonatal respiratory infections among breastfed girls but not boys. Pediatrics [serial online],112:e303. Internet: http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/cgi/content/full/112/4/e303 (accessed 14 October 2003).

Tables

Each table should be on a separate page, numbered and accompanied by a legend at the top. They should be referred to in the text as Table 1, etc. Do not present the same data in both figure and table form or repeat large numbers of values from Tables in the text.

Figures

Figures and their legends should be grouped together at the end of the paper, before the appendices (if present). If figures have been supplied as a list at the end of the text file, they should appear above their respective legend. The word figures should be abbreviated in the text (e.g. Fig. 1; Figs. 2 and 3), except when starting a sentence. Photographic illustrations should also be referred to as Figures.

Appendices / Supporting information

Please note that supporting information may be published in electronic form. The supporting information may include figures, tables, appendices, material and methods part. Supplementary material can be provided in the same manuscript file at the end of manuscript after tables and figures.

Symbols and Abbreviations

Abbreviations and symbols must be standard. SI units should be used throughout, except for blood pressure values which should be reported in mm Hg. Abbreviations should be defined at first mention and used consistently thereafter.

Footnotes

Footnotes to the text are numbered consecutively; those to tables should be indicated by superscript lower-case letters (or asterisks for significance values and other statistical data).